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The 1927 Fair of the Iron Horse
	DAILY PROGRAM OF THE PAGEANT September 24th to October 15th, 1927 The Pageant, which takes the general form of a parade, will move at 2:15 P.M. The order of the parade is shown below. The Trail of the Iron Horse A Music-story of the development of inland transport in America, with words by Margaret Talbott Stevens and music arranged by Sigmund Spaeth. Charles Colburn, Narrator.
The Trail of the Iron Horse
Entrance of the Baltimore and Ohio Centenary Band playing Hail to the Baltimore and Ohio, the Centenary March of 1927.

In the Days Before the Railroad
1. America. Float, with the Baltimore and Ohio Glee Club singing the Star Spangled Banner, Hail to the Baltimore and Ohio, and I've been Working on the Railroad. American Indians with pack horses and travois pass in review. They are symbolic of early travel, crude and slow. These Indians are members of the Blood and Piegan tribes of the Blackfeet Nation, and come from Glacier Park, by courtesy of the Great Northern Railway.
2. Pere Marquette. The famous missionary and explorer, accompanied by Joliet and two aides, sights and blesses the Mississippi.
3. Early River Transport. Showing the crude bateau by which the first settlers traveled the great interior rivers, carrying their household goods preparatory to setting up their homes and clearing the wilderness. The scene turns to the highway. Roads have been cut through the forests; over them come the steadily increasing army of pioneers; first on horseback and then transporting their goods, far beyond the reach of water transportation, by the first rough forms of road wagon. The post chaise shows itself, and so does the post rider.
4. Canal Days. Better by far than the rough and frequently impassable highway was the man-built water highway that developed in Eastern America. The float shows one of the early craft that plied these artificial waterways, and carried still more settlers into the West. More and more the highway is used for transport. There come the tobacco rollers, a unique form of hauling freight one hundred years ago.There ensues the Conestoga Wagon once a distinctive feature of the turnpike roads. A curious vehicle at this time is the so-called George Washington coach in which one sees Henry Clay riding over the National Road. It is followed by the historic coach Kearsarge; in turn by another of the same sort. The Kearsarge has been loaned by Mr. Henry Ford; the other coach by Mr. Fred Stone.
The Birth of the Railroad

These modes of transport offered no full solution of the problem of the development of the nation. Faster, more dependable transportation; transportation upon a far larger scale was necessary. The railroad brought it. The problem in Baltimore had been more acute by the fact that the then new Erie Canal was taking trade away from the city. Because of this a meeting of the prominent citizens was called at the home of George Brown.
5. The Birth of the Baltimore and Ohio. There is shown one of these meetings - held in February, 1827 - at which the bold project of a railroad was discussed and brought into actual being. In addition to Mr. Brown, Philip E. Thomas, who was to become the first president of the new railroad, and other prominent Baltimoreans of that day are shown gathered at the table. The broad roadway is now the principal street of Baltimore City. On it is now reproduced the historic parade of July 4, 1828, held in celebration of the laying of the First Stone of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. For this the trades of the town furnished many floats. From the carefully preserved documents of the day, four are reproduced. The First Stone rides upon a huge car, preceded by the Band (the Mount Clare Band of today), playing the Carrollton March, written for the parade of ninety-nine years ago. The blacksmiths are represented by the Sons of Vulcan; the carpenters by a Doric Temple and the shipbuilders by a vessel, the Union Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the only surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, rides in a barouche.
6. Surveying for the Railroad. Gradually the new railroad project takes definite form. Army engineers are shown surveying it's route. In the early thirties, the Military Academy at West Point was the only school of engineering in the land. It's graduates therefore often were called upon to serve industrial enterprise.Tribute to these army builders of the Baltimore and Ohio is paid in this float, depicting Captains McNeil and Whistler and Lieutenant Thayer, making its first reconnaissance. The Horse Car. The new railroad was built with no certainty as to it's motive power. The men of Baltimore decided that the horse - reliable and dependable, not the uncertain steam locomotives of which they had heard vague reports from England - should be the motive power for their railroad. The Horse Car shown is a replica of the one which in May, 1830, began its daily trips between Mount Clare, Baltimore, and Ellicott's Mills, fourteen miles apart.
7. The Treadmill Car. Many ingenious devices were introduced to make horse power applicable to railroad cars. One of these on the Baltimore & Ohio was the Treadmill Car by which an ancient mechanical device was applied to rail transport. The Treadmill Car ran into a cow, was ditched, and thereafter abandoned.
8. The Sail Car. More ingenious was the Sail Car, which Evan Thomas, a brother of Philip E. Thomas, devised and placed upon the road. A replica of this was sent to the Czar, who considered its introduction upon the Russian railroads.
The Coming of the Steam Locomotive
The horse car was not the solution of the motive power problem. Peter Cooper, of New York, financially interested in the Baltimore & Ohio, designed the Tom Thumb, the first American - built locomotive to show what the Iron Horse might do for them.
9. Tom Thumb - 1829 - 1830. A replica of the Peter Cooper engine. It weighed only two tons but it served to demonstrate to the men of Baltimore that the steam locomotive was practical. Peter Cooper is seen driving his engine.
10. York - 1831. So convincing was the lesson the Tom Thumb taught, that the directors of the Baltimore & Ohio offered a prize of $4,000 for the most effective steam locomotive. The York came as the answer. It was built by Phineas Davis, at York, Pa.; weighed three and one - half tons and was capable of carrying a load of fifteen tons at a rate of fifteen miles an hour.
11. Atlantic - 1832. No replica this, but the actual locomotive, which continued in service until 1893. It, in turn, is much heavier than the York, weighing six and one - half tons. It hauls two Imlay coaches, exact reproductions of passenger cars built for the Baltimore and Ohio in 1831 by a famous Baltimore coach builder.
12. Thomas Jefferson - 1835. This stout little engine (the original) was the first locomotive to operate in the State of Virginia, being employed on the Winchester and Potomac Railroad in 1836.
13. William Galloway - 1837. This locomotive is a replica of the Lafayette, built by Richard Norris of Philadelphia, and was the first engine with a horizontal boiler to be used on the Baltimore and Ohio. It hauls two flour cars, typical of its day.
14. Memnon No. 57 - 1848. Another original locomotive built by the Newcastle Manufacturing Company at Newcastle, Del., and being for her day, very fast, was used in passenger service.
15 - 16 The Birth of the Telegraph. These two floats depict the first commercial use of the telegraph on May 24th, 1844, when the world - famous message, "What Hath God Wrought?" was flashed along the lines of the Baltimore and Ohio from the national capitol at Washington to the railroad station at Baltimore. Professor S. F. B. Morse, the inventor is shown, seated at the desk.
Again the scene shifts to the highway and one sees another form of communication in the United States. This is the Pony Express and the early western stage coach (contributed to the pageant by the American Railway Express Company), which once gave glamour to the famous name of Wells Fargo and Company.
17 William Mason - 1856. This original locomotive was built by the William Mason Company at Taunton, Mass. Mason's beautiful engines were the forerunners of the standard American type locomotives of today.
18. Mr Lincoln Goes to Washington. A critical journey was that of Abraham Lincoln over the Baltimore and Ohio in February, 1861, to his first inauguration. He arrived at Washington in the early morning and is shown here with his guards, Allan Pinkerton and Colonel Ward H. Lamon.
19. Thatcher Perkins No. 117 - 1863. Designed along the lines of the Mason locoomotives but greater on strength were the ten - wheel engines built by Thatcher Perkins at Mount Clare in Civil War days. The Perkins is painted in its original colors and hauls a passenger train typical of its day.
20. Destruction of the Baltimore and Ohio Tracks. In modern warfare severe measures oftimes are necessary. Baltimore and Ohio lines traversed the scene of much Civil War fighting. Frequently its tracks were torn up and destroyed, first by one army and then by the other. The money loss was very great.
21. Ross Winans No. 217 - 1869. The camelback locomotive invented by Ross Winans was for many years the most distinctive feature of freight transport on the Baltimore and Ohio. One is shown here, hauling a typical freight train of sixty years ago.
22. J. C. Davis No. 600 - 1875. This locomotive when exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876 was said to be the heaviest passenger engine in existence. It weighs forty - five tons. Engines today may weigh three hundred tons and upward.
23. A. J. Cromwell No. 545 - 1888. A very successful consolidation locomotive designed by A. J. Cromwell, a former Master of Machinery of the Baltimore and Ohio.
24. The Coming of the Electric Locomotive - 1895. This float shows the first locomotive to operate on a steam railroad. It was run in the Baltimore and Ohio Belt Line tunnel, under Baltimore, and was originally operated by overhead trolley. The third - rail system is now used in the tunnel, which thereby is kept free from smoke.
25. N0. 1310 - 1896. The inauguration of the famous Royal Blue Line between Washington and New York called for locomotives capable of tremendously high speed. No. 1310 was built for this service. Its 78 - inch drivers rendered it extremely suitable for the difficult work it was called upon to do.
26. Muhlfeld No. 2400 - 1904. This, the first Mallet ever built in the United States, was designed for the Baltimore and Ohio by John E. Muhlfeld, then the road's General Superintendent of Motive Power, and more recently the designer of the John B. Jervis of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad, whic h is also shown in this pageant.
Locomotive Visitors From Afar.
27. England, the Mother of Railways.
28. King George V No. 6000 - 1927.
29 Confederation No. 6100 - 1927.
30. No. 2333 - 1926.
Visiting Locomotives from United States Railroads
The pageant now returns to early locomotives of the United States - those belonging to railroads other than the Baltimore and Ohio.
31. De Witt Clinton - 1831.
32 John Bull - 1831.
33. Santilla - 1860.
34. William Crooks - 1861.
35. No. 5205 - 1926.
36. No 8800 - 1926.
37. John B. Jervis. - 1927.
38. No. 1125 - 1927.
Modern Locomotives on the Baltimore and Ohio
The procession of the pageant closes with an exposition of modern motive power and trains on the Baltimore and Ohio.
39. No. 2024 - 1927.
40. No. 5005 - 1924.
41. No. 4464 - 1920.
42. No. 6137 - 1926.
43 Philip E Thomas No. 5501 - 1926.
44. Maryland.
45. No. 7151 and Freight Train - 1919.
46. President Washington No. 5300 and the Capital Limited - 1927.

The Trail of the Iron Horse